Recent publications

To download some of the following publications, please connect to: 

• http://www.irisa.fr/prive/kadi/Equipe_Associee/Site_RTR2A/index-english.htm  
• http://www.irisa.fr/prive/kadi
• http://people.irisa.fr/Kadi.Bouatouch

Books

-  Kadi Bouatouch and Christian Bouville
      Photorealism in Computer Graphics,
      Springer, 1992   
      ISBN 978-3-662-09287-3

- A. Chalmers and Timothy Davis and Erik Reinhard
Practical Parallel rendering   
     AK PETERS, 2002.
     ISBN:1-56881-179-9
     Chapter 4 written by Kadi Bouatouch

 - Ricardo Marques, Christian Bouville, Luís Paulo Santos, Kadi Bouatouch
    Efficient Quadrature Rules for Illumination Integrals: From Quasi Monte Carlo to Bayesian Monte Carlo
    Synthesis Lectures on Computer Graphics and Animation
    June 2015, 92 pages, (doi:10.2200/S00649ED1V01Y201505CGR019)
    Morgan & Claypool Publishers
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/S00649ED1V01Y201505CGR019

- Frédéric Dufaux, Patrick Le Callet, Rafal K. Mantiuk, Marta Mrak
    High Dynamic Range Video: From Acquisition to Display and Applications
    Academic Press, Elsevier, 2016  
    ISBN: 9780081004128   
    Chapter 6 written by Ronan Boitard, Rémi Cozot and Kadi Bouatouch

Siggraph Sketches and Talks

· 2012: Charly Collin, Mickaël Ribardière, Rémi Cozot, Kadi Bouatouch, Progressive Volume Photon Tracing, SIGGRAPH 2012 Talk

• 2007:  François Guillaume, Pascal Gautron, Gaspard Breton, Kadi Bouatouch, Anatomically accurate modeling and rendering of the human eye, SIGGRAPH 2007 Sketches 
• 2006: P. Gautron, K. Bouatouch, S. Pattanaik, Temporal Radiance Caching, SIGGRAPH 2006 Sketches 
• 2006: Kévin Boulanger, Sumanta Pattanaik, Kadi Bouatouch, Rendering Grass Terrains in Real-Time with Dynamic Lighting, Siggraph 2006 sketch 
• 2006: François Guillaume, Subsurface Texture Mapping, SIGGRAPH 2006 Sketches 
• 2006: Jaroslav Krivanek, Jaakko Konttinen, Kadi Bouatouch, Sumanta Pattanaik, Jiri Zara, Fast Approximation to Spherical Harmonics Rotation, SIGGRAPH 2006 Sketches.
•  2005: P. Gautron, J. Krivànek, K. Bouatouch, S. Pattanaik, Radiance Cache Splatting: A GPU-Friendly Global Illumination Algorithm, SIGGRAPH Sketch, August 2005

Journals

· 2023: Ific Goudé , Alexandre Bruckert , Anne-Helene Olivier , Julien Pettre , Remi Cozot , Kadi Bouatouch , Marc Christie , Ludovic Hoyet , Real-time Multi-map Saliency-driven Gaze Behavior for Non-conversational Characters, Accepted, To appear in IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

· 2023 : Mathieu Chambe, Ewa Kijak, Zoltan Miklos, Olivier Le Meur, Rémi Cozot, Kadi Bouatouch, HDR-LFNet: Inverse tone mapping using fusion network, Computers & Graphics Journal, Available Online.

· 2022 : R. Marques, Christian Bouville, Kadi Bouatouch, Gaussian Process for Radiance Function on the S² Sphere, Accepted, To appear in Computer Graphics Forum Journal.

· 2021: Ific Goudé, Rémi Cozot, Olivier Le Meur, Kadi Bouatouch, Example-based color transfer for 3D point clouds, Computer Graphics Forum Journal, Volume 40, Issue 6, September 2021, Pages 428-446.

• 2021: Ricardo Marques, Christian Bouville, Kadi Bouatouch and Josep Blat, Extensible Spherical Fibonacci Grids, IEEE TVCG, Volume 7, Number 4.
• 2020: R. Marques, C. Bouville, K. Bouatouch, Spectral Analysis of Quadrature Rules and Fourier Truncation-based Methods Applied to Shading Integrals, IEEE TVCG, Volume 26, Issue 10,
• 2019: D. Kusovkin, t. Pouli, R. Cozot, O. Le Meur, J. Kervec, K. Bouatouch, Context in Photo Albums: understanding and modeling user behavior in clustering and selection, ACM Trans. on Applied Perception, Volume 16, Number 2.
• 2019: R. Marques, C. Bouville, and K. Bouatouch, Optimal sample weights for hemispherical integral quadratures. Computer Graphics Forum, Volume 38, Issue 1, Pages: 1-692, February.
• 2018: H. Hristova, O. Le Meur, R. Cozot, K. Bouatouch, Transformation of the Multivariate Generalized Gaussian Distribution for Image Editing, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics PP(99):Vol. 24, Issue 10, Nov.
• 2018: Hristina Hristova, Olivier Le Meur, Remi Cozot, Kadi Bouatouch, Multi-purpose bi-local CAT-based guidance filter, Journal of Signal Processing: Image Communication, to appear in 2018.
• 2017: Djihane Babahenini,  Adrien Gruson, Mohamed Chaouki Babahenini, Kadi Bouatouch, Efficient inverse transform methods for VPL selection in global illumination, Multimedia Tools and Applications, Springer, July 2017.
• 2017:  H. Hristova, O. Le Meur, R. Cozot and K. Bouatouch, High-Dynamic-Range Image Recovery from Flash and Non-Flash Image Pairs, The Visual Computer Journal, Vol. 33, Issue 6, presented at Computer Graphics International conference, Yokahama, Japan, July .
• 2016:   A. Gruson, M. Ribardière, M. Sik, J. Vorba, R. Cozot, K. Bouatouch, J. Krivanek,   A Spatial Target Function for Metropolis Photon Tracing, In ACM Transactions on Graphics, Volume 36, Issue 1, November.
• 2015:  M. Omidvar, M. Ribardière, S. Carré, D. Méneveaux, K. Bouatouch, A Radiance Cache Method for Highly Glossy Surfaces
  The Visual Computer journal.
• 2015: B. Merabti, M. Christie, K. Bouatouch, A Virtual Director using Hidden Markov Models, Computer Graphics Forum journal, Nov., Vol. 35, Issue 8.
• 2014: R. Boitard, Rémi Cozot, D. Thoreau, K. Bouatouch, Zonal Brightness Coherency for Video Tone Mapping, Signal Processing: Image Communication, Elsevier journal, Vol. 29, Issue 2, February.
• 2014:     Charly Collin, Sumanta Pattanaik, Patrick LiKamWa, Kadi Bouatouch, Discrete ordinate method for polarized light transport solution and subsurface BRDF computation, Computer & Graphics, Vol. 45, pp 17-27, December.
• 2013: R. Marques, C. Bouville, M. Ribardière, L.P. Santos, K. Bouatouch, Spherical Fibonacci Point Sets for Illumination Integrals, Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 32, Issue 8.
• 2013: C. Collin, M. Ribardière, A. Gruson, R. Cozot, K. Bouatouch, S. Pattanaik, Visibility-driven progressive volume photon tracing,   The Visual Computer, Vol. 29, Issue 9 (improved version of CGI'2013).
• 2013: R. Marques, C. Bouville, M. Ribardière, L.P. Santos, K. Bouatouch, A Spherical Gaussian Framework for Bayesian Monte Carlo Rendering of Glossy Surfaces, IEEE Transaction On Visualization and Computer Graphics, Vol. 19, Issue 10.
• 2012: Gaël Sourimant, Thomas Colleu, Vincent Jantet, Luce Morin, Kadi Bouatouch, Toward automatic GIS-video initial registration, Annals of Telecommunications, Vol. 67, Number 1-2.
• 2011: Vaclav Gassenbauer, Joraslav Krivanek, Kadi Bouatouch, Christian Bouville, Mickael Ribardière, Improving Performance and Accuracy of Local PCA, Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 30, Number 7, pp 1903-1910 (also in Pacific Graphics, September 2011)
• 2011: Mickaël Ribardière, Samuel Carré, Kadi Bouatouch, Adaptive Records for Volume Irradiance Caching, The Visual Computer, Vol. 7, Number 6-8, pp  655-664, (also Computer Graphics International, June, Ottawa, Canada)
• 2011: Mickaël Ribardière, Samuel Carré, Kadi Bouatouch, Adaptive Records for Irradiance Caching, Computer Graphics Forum Journal, Vol. 30, Number 6, pp 1603-1616. 
• 2011: : Bernardt Duvenhage, Kadi Bouatouch, Derrick Kourie, Extending Backward Polygon Beam Tracing to Glossy Scattering Surfaces,  Computer Graphics Forum Journal, Vol. 30, Number 6, pp. 1825-1836.
• 2010: Kévin Boulanger, Kadi Bouatouch, Sumant Pattanaik, High-Frequency Shadows for Real-Time Rendering of Trees,  Journal of Graphics Tools, Vol. 15, Number 1.
• 2009:  Jonathan Brouillat, Christian Bouville, Brad Loos, Charles Hansen, Kadi Bouatouch, A Bayesian Monte Carlo Approach to Global Illumination, Computer Graphics Forum Journal, Vol. 28, Number 8. 
• 2009:  Guillaume François, Pascal Gautron, Gaspard Breton, Kadi Bouatouch,  Image-Based Modeling of the Human Eye,  IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics journal. Vol. 15, Number 5.
• 2009:  Kévin Boulanger, Sumanta Pattanaik, Kadi Bouatouch, Rendering Grass in Real-Time with Dynamic Lighting, IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications  journal, Vol. 29, Number 1.
• 2008:  Guillaume François, Sumanta Pattanaik , Kadi Bouatouch , Gaspard Breton, Subsurface Texture Mapping, IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications  journal, Vol. 28, Number 1.
• 2007: Erik Reinhard, Timo Kunkel, Yoann Marion, Jonathan Brouillat, Rémi Cozot and Kadi Bouatouch, Image Display Algorithms for High and Low Dynamic Range Display Devices, Journal of the Society for Information Display, 15(12), 2007.
• 2007: Pascal Gautron, Kadi Bouatouch, Sumant Pattanaik, Temporal Radiance Caching, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics journal., Vol. 12, Number 5, Septembre/Octobre
• 2007:  Hadjira Bentoumi, Pascal Gautron, and Kadi Bouatouch, GPU-Based Volume Rendering for Medical Imagery, International Journal of Computer systems Science and  Engineering, Vol. 1, Number 1,
• 2005: J. Krivànek, P. Gautron, S. Pattanaik, K. Bouatouch, Radiance Caching for Efficient Global Illumination Computation IEEE Transactions of Visualization and Computer Graphics, Vol. 11, Number 5, September/October 2005 
•  2005: Jean-Eudes Marvie, Julien Perret, Kadi Bouatouch,.The FL-system: A Functional L-system for procedural geometric modeling. The Visual Computer, Springer. May 2005. 
• 2002: G. Rougeron and F. Gaudaire and Y. Gabillet and K. Bouatouch, Simulation of the indoor propagation of a 60 GHz electromagnetic wave with a time-dependent radiosity algorithm, Computer And Graphics, Vol. 6, Number 1, February 2002
• 2001: A. Zarghili and N. Gadi and R. Benslimane and K. Bouatouch, Arabo-Moresque decor image retrieval system based on mosaic representations, The Journal of Cultural Heritage, Vol. 2, Number 2, 2001
•  2000: E. Guillou and D. Meneveaux and E. Maisel and K. Bouatouch, Using vanishing points for camera calibration and coarse 3D, The Visual Computer, Vol. 16, Number 7, 2000 
•  1999: Meneveaux, K. Bouatouch. Synchronisation and Load Balancing for Parallel Hierarchical Radiosity of Complex  Scenes on a Heterogenous Computer Network.  Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 18, Number 4, December 1999.1
• 1999: R. Dumont, K. Bouatouch. A Progressive Algorithm for Three Point Transport.  Computer Graphics Forum, Vol.18, Number1,  March 1999.
• 1998: M. Chelle, B. Andrieu, K. Bouatouch. Nested Radiosity for Plant Canopies.  The Visual Computer journal, 14(11):109-125,   December 1998.  
• 1998: D. Meneveaux, K. Bouatouch, E. Maisel, R. Delmont. A New Partitionning Method for Architectural Environments.  The journal  of Visualization and Computer Animation, 9(4), October-November 1998.
• 1997: E. Zeghers and S. Carré and K. Bouatouch, Error-Bound wavelength selection for spectral rendering, The Visual Computer journal,  Vol. 13, Number 9+10, 1997

Conferences

• 2018: Dmitry Kuzovkin, Tania Pouli, Rémi Cozot, Olivier Le Meur, Jonathan Kervec, Kadi Bouatouch, Image Selection in Photo Albums, ICMR’2018, June 11-14, 2018, Yokohama, Japan.
• 2018: M.Melo, H. Coelho, A. Chalmers, R. Cozot, M. Besse, K. Bouatouch, Tone Mapping HDR Panoramas for Viewing in Head Mounted Displays,VISIGRAPP, Madeira, January.
• 2018: H. Hristova, O. Le Meur, R. Cozot, K. Bouatouch, Transformation of the Beta Distribution for Color Transfer, VISIGRAPP, Madeira, January.
• 2017: D. Kuzovkin, t. Pouli, r. Cozot, O. Le MEur, J. Kervec, K. Bouatouch, Context-aware Clustering and Assessment of Photo Collections, Expressive'2017, Los Angeles, USA, July.
• 2017:  H. Hristova, O. Le Meur, R. Cozot and K. Bouatouch, Perceptual metrics for color transfer methods, EEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Beijing, China, September.
• 2016: M Hudon, R Cozot, K Bouatouch, Automatic Light Compositing using Rendered Images,
  DMIAF, Santorini, Greece, July.
• 2016: Ricardo Marques, Christian Bouville, Luis Santos, Kadi Bouatouch, 2-Level Adative Sampling for Illumination Integrals using Bayesian Monte Carlo, Eurographics conference, Lisbon, Portugal,  May.
• 2016: M Hudon, A Gruson, Paul Kerbiriou, R Cozot, K Bouatouch, Shape and Reflectance from RGB-D Images Using Time Sequential Illumination, VISAPP, Roma.
• 2015: Hristina Hristova, Rémi Cozot, Olivier Le Meur and Kadi Bouatouch, Color transfer between high-dynamic-range images, Proc. SPIE 9599, Applications of Digital Image Processing XXXVIII, 95990S (September 22, 2015); doi:10.1117/12.2186774, San Diego, California, United States, August 09.
• 2015: Hristina Hristova, O. Le Meur, R. Cozot, K. Bouatouch,  Style-aware robust color transfer, Expressive (International Symposium on Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging),  June, Istambul.
• 2015: Matis Hudon, Kadi Bouatouch, Paul Kerbiriou, High speed sequential illumination with electronic rolling shutter cameras, CCD (4th IEEE International Workshop on Computational Cameras and Displays), June, Boston.
• 2014: Vincent Leon, Adrien Gruson, Rémi Cozot, Kadi Bouatouch, Automatic Aesthetics-based Lighting Design with Global Illumination, Pacific Graphics (Short paper).
• 2014: Charly Collin, Sumanta Pattanaik, Patrick LiKamWa, Kadi Bouatouch, Computation of polarized subsurface BRDF for rendering, Graphics Interface, May, Montreal, Canada.
• 2014: Ronan Boitard1 Rémi Cozot, Dominique Thoreau and Kadi Bouatouch, Motion-Guided Quantization for Video Tone Mapping, International Conference Multimedia and Expo (ICME), July, Chengdu, China
• 2013: R. Boitard, D. Thoreau, Rémi Cozot, K. Bouatouch, Impact of Temporal Coherence-Based Tone Mapping on Video Compression, Eusipco, September, Marrakech, Morocco.
• 2013: C. Collin, M. Ribardière, A. Gruson, R. Cozot, K. Bouatouch, S. Pattanaik, Visibility-driven progressive volume photon tracing,  Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International (CGI'2013), Hannover, June
• 2013: Charly Collin, Ke Chen, Ajit Hakke-Patil, Sumanta Pattanaik, Kadi Bouatouch, Green's function solution to subsurface light transport for BRDF computation, Spring Conference on Computer Graphics, May, Slovakia.
• 2013: B. Duvenhage, K. Bouatouch, D. Kourie, Verification of Bidirectional Reflectance DistributionFunction Implementations for Physical Plausibility, South African Institute for Computer Scientists and Information Technologists (SAICSIT), October, South Africa.
• 2012: Ronan Boitard, Kadi Bouatouch, Remi Cozot, Dominique Thoreau, Adrien Gruson, Temporal coherency for video tone mapping, SPIE, June, San Diego, USA,   
• 2012: Adrien Gruson, Ajit Hakke Patil, Rémi Cozot, Kadi Bouatouch, Sumant Pattanaik, Light Propagation Maps on Parallel Graphics Architectures, Eurographics Symposium on Parallel Visualization and Graphics (EGPVG), Cagliari, Italy.
• 2010: Bernardt Duvenhage, Kadi Bouatouch, Derrick Kourie, Exploring the Use of Glossy Light Volumes for Interactive Global Illumination, Afrigraph, June, Franschoek, South Africa.
• 2009: Vaclav Gassenbauer, Jaroslav Krivanek, Kadi Bouatouch, Spatial Directional Radiance Caching,  In Proceedings of Eurographics Symposium on Rendering, June-July, Girona, Spain.
• 2009: M. Schott, V. Pegoraro, C. Hansen, K. Boulanger, K. Bouatouch,  A Directional Occlusion Shading Model for Interactive Direct Volume Rendering,  Eurographics/IEEE Symposium on Viualization, June, Berlin.
• 2008: J. Brouillat, P. Gautron, K. Bouatouch, Photon Driven Irradiance Cache,  In Proceedings of Pacific Graphics conference, October, 2008, Tokyo. 
• 2008:  Kévin Boulanger, Kadi Bouatouch, Sumant Pattanaik, Rendering Trees with Indirect Lighting in Real Time, In Proceedings of Eurographics Symposium on Rendering, June Sarajevo. 
•  2007: Gaël Sourimant, Luce Morin, Kadi Bouatouch, Gps, Gis and Video fusion for urban modeling, Computer Graphics International, May-June, Petropolis, Brazil
•  2007: Gaël Sourimant, Luce Morin, Kadi Bouatouch, GPS, GIS AND Video Registration for Building Reconstruction, ICIP,  September,  San Antonio.
• 2006: Jaroslav Krivánek, Kadi Bouatouch, Sumanta Pattanaik, and Jir(í Žára Making Radiance and Irradiance Caching Practical: Adaptive Caching and Neighbor Clamping (Paper in Conference Proceedings) In Rendering Techniques, Proceedings Eurographics Symposium on Rendering, pp. 127-138. June 2006.
• 2006: Jaroslav Krivánek, Jaakko Konttinen, Sumanta Pattanaik, Kadi Bouatouch, and Jirí Žára, Fast Approximation to Spherical Harmonic Rotation (Paper in Conference Proceedings) SCCG '06: Proceedings of the 22nd spring conference on Computer graphics
• 2006: Kévin Boulanger, Kadi Bouatouch, Sumanta Pattanaik, ATIP: A Tool for 3D Navigation inside a Single Image with Automatic Camera Calibration, EG UK Theory and Practice of Computer Graphics 2006.
• 2006: O. Deille, J. Maillard, N. Noé, K. Bouatouch, J. Martin, Real-time acoustic rendering of complex environments including diffraction and curved surfaces, Proceedings of the 120th Audio Engineering Society Convention Paper, Paris, France.
• 2006: O. Deille, J. Maillard, N. Noé, K. Bouatouch, J. Martin, Interactive real-time auralization system of complexly-shaped volumes, Proceedings of Euronoise, Tampere, Finland.
• 2005: Pascal Gautron, Jaroslav Krivánek, Kadi Bouatouch, and Sumanta Pattanaik Radiance Cache Splatting: A GPU-Friendly Global Illumination Algorithm. In Proceedings of Eurographics Symposium on Rendering, p. 55-64. June 2005. 
•  2005: Jaroslav Krivánek, Pascal Gautron , Kadi Bouatouch, and Sumanta Pattanaik Improved, Radiance Gradient Computation, In Proceedings of Spring Conference on Computer Graphics SCCG 2005, ACM Press, 2005, p.155-159. ISBN 1-59593-203-6. 
•  2004: Pascal Gautron , Jaroslav Krivánek, Sumanta Pattanaik, Kadi Bouatouch, A Novel Hemispherical Basis for Accurate and Efficient Rendering, In Proceedings of Eurographics Symposium on Rendering, p. 321-330. June 2004. 
•  2004: Jean-Eudes Marvie and Kadi Bouatouch, A Vrml97-X3D Extension for Massive Scenery Management in Virtual Worlds, In proceedings of the ninth international conference on 3D Web technology, pages 145-153. ACM SIGGRAPH. April . Monterey Ca.USA. 
• 2004: R. Namane, F.O. Boumghar and K. Bouatouch, QSplat Compression, Proceedings of Afrigraph conference, Pages: 15 - 24 , 2004, ISBN:1-58113-863-6 , Stellenbosch, South Africa. 
• 2003: D. Meneveaux, K. Bouatouch, G. Subrenat and P. Blasi, Efficient clustering and visibility calculation for global illumination, Proceedings of Afrigraph conference, February 2003, Cape Town, South Africa. 
• 2003: Remote Interactive Walkthrough of City Models. Jean-Eudes Marvie and Julien Perret and Kadi Bouatouch. In proceedings of Pacific Graphics, pages 389-393. IEEE Computer Society. October . Canmore Canada. Short paper. 
•  2003: Jaroslav Krivánek, Jiri Žára, and Bouatouch Kadi, Fast Depth-of-Field Rendering with Surface Splatting (Paper in Conference Proceedings), In Proceedings CGI'03. Tokyo, Japan. 
• 2003: Jean-Eudes Marvie, Kadi Bouatouch, Remote Rendering of Massively Textured 3D Scenes Through Progressive Texture Maps, In proceedings of the third IASTED conference on Visualisation Imaging and Image Processing, pages 756-761. ACTA Press. September . Benalmade?a Spain 
•  2000: S. Carré and J.M. Deniel and E. Guillou and K. Bouatouch, Handling dynamic changes in hierarchical radiosity through interaction meshes, Pacific Graphics'2000, Pages: 40 - 51, 2000.
• 2000: R. Dumont, K. Bouatouch, Combining Hierarchical Radiosity and LODs, IASTED, Computer Graphics and Imaging conference, November, 2000.
• 1998: D. Meneveaux, K. Bouatouch, E. Maisel, Memory management schemes for radisiosity computation in complex environments, Computer Graphics International'98, June, 1998.
  

Technical Reports

• 2007:  François Guillaume, Pascal Gautron, Gaspard Breton, Kadi Bouatouch, Anatomically accurate modeling and rendering of the human eye,  technical report, https://hal.ccsd.cnrs.fr/docs/00/16/63/04/PDF/RReye2.pdf
• 2006: P. Gautron, K. Bouatouch, S. Pattanaik, Temporal Radiance Caching, Technical Report Number 1796, IRISA, Rennes, France 
• 2006: K. Boulanger, S. Pattanaik, K. Bouatouch, Rendering Grass in Real-Time with Dynamic Light Sources and Shadows, Technical Report Number 1809, July, IRISA, Rennes, France 
• 2006: Guillaume François , Sumanta Pattanaik , Kadi Bouatouch , Gaspard Breton, Subsurface Texture Mapping, Technical Report Number 1806, June 2006 / 28 pages.
• 2005: Jaroslav Krivánek, Jaakko Konttinen, Sumanta Pattanaik, and Kadi Bouatouch, Fast Approximation to Spherical Harmonic Rotation (Technical report) Technical report Number 1728. IRISA, Rennes, France. July 2005.
• 2004: Jaroslav Kr(ivánek, Pascal Gautron , Sumanta Pattanaik, and Kadi Bouatouch, Radiance Caching for Efficient Global Illumination Computation (Technical report) Technical Report Number 1623. IRISA, Rennes, France. June 2004.
• 2003:Remote Interactive Walkthrough of City Models using Procedural Geometry. Jean-Eudes Marvie and Julien Perret and Kadi Bouatouch. INRIA. July . Rennes. Research Report RR-4885. http://www.inria.fr/rrrt/rr-4885.html.